CRANIAL NERVES

• I, OLFACTORY- smell
• II, OPTIC- visual acuity/fields and fundoscopic exam of each eye
• III, IV, VI; OCULOMOTOR, TROCHLEAR,ABDUCENS - eye opening; extraocular movements(IV, superior ob- lique; VI, lateral rectus; III, all others); direct and consensual pupillary light reflexes
• V, TRIGEMINAL (V1, ophthalmic; V2, maxillary; V3, mandibular) - corneal reflex, facial sensation, jaw opening, bite strength
• VII, FACIAL - eyebrow raise, eyelid close, smile, frown, pucker, taste
• VIII, VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR - audi- tory acuity of each ear, Rinne (air v. bone conduction) and Weber (lateralizing) tests, oculocephalic reflex (doll's eye maneuver), oculovestibular reflex(ear canal caloric stimulation)
• IX, X; GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL, VAGUS- palate elevation, swallowing, posterior taste, phonation, gag reflex
• XI, SPINAL ACCESSORY- lateral head rotation, neck flexion, shoulder shrug
• XII, HYPOGLOSSAL- tongue pro- trusion and strength on lateral deviation

STRENGTH
Test and contralaterally compare extremity muscles listed with the dermatome maps.
Grading:

• 5/5 = Movement against gravity with full resistance
• 4/5 = Movement against gravity with some resistance
• 3/5 = Movement against gravity only
• 2/5= Movement with gravity eliminated
• 1/5= Visible/palpable muscle contraction but no movement
• 0/5 = No contraction

• 4+ = Hyperactive with clonus
• 3+ = Hyperactive
• 2+ = Normal
• 1+ = Hypoactive
• 0 = No reflex